Vet Dermatol 2017;28(5):512-e123. Six adult horses with a mean weight of 528 kg were . Fultz adds that over time this process teaches the immune system to tolerate exposure to substances it previously considered irritating. This gives you the total number of milligrams for the dose for your horse. These reports suggest the potential use of oclacitinib in other diseases; however, it cannot be stressed enough that the use of oclacitinib in these diseases is an off-label use. Yamaoka K, Saharinen P, Pesu M, et al. Vet Dermatol 2016;27(1):22-e7. The Vet had put her on Apoquel as an initial dose for 10 days tapering off. This content is intended for counseling purposes only. Avoid storing hay in the same barn as sensitive horses, since hay particles and spores can be irritating, even from a distance and even if they are not visible in the air. More severe ones, however, can truly take a toll on your horses health and make him miserable. So what else can we do for our Equine Asthma patients? 13. Apoquel is used to treat and control itching and inflammation in dogs resulting from a variety of causes, including environmental allergies, food allergies, flea allergy, and contact allergies. Vercelli A, Cornegliani L. Use of oclacitinib in treatment of canine idiopathic ear tip vasculitis. It's typically prescribed twice daily for up to 14 days and then once daily after that. Frank RK, Galvan BA, Schoell AR, et al. But Im not sure how much the long term cost will be yet. This includes dietary supplements, shampoos, liniments, fly sprays, coat conditioners, etc. Repeated oral dose tolerance in dogs treated concomitantly with ciclosporin and oclacitinib for three weeks. Meaning, if a 100lbs dog gets 16mg (1 pill), a horse does not need 160mg (10 pills). to 14 days, and then administered once daily for maintenance therapy. Option 3 is using a nebulizer with dexamethasone and/or other drugs. Cost for the initial course of treatment (about 12 days) will be around $300-400. 22. To overcome its delayed effect, cyclosporine is often initially combined with other drugs such as prednisolone to accelerate the anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effects. Thereafter the dose should be reduced to once daily for maintenance. Less common side effects include diarrhea, vomiting, lack of appetite, dry mouth and mild straining to urinate. Control of pruritus associated with allergic dermatitis and control of atopic dermatitis in dogs at least 12 months of age. Noli C, Matricoti I, Schievano C. A double-blinded, randomized, methylprednisolone-controlled study on the efficacy of oclacitinib in the management of pruritus in cats with nonflea nonfood-induced hypersensitivity dermatitis. Pros and cons of oclacitinib therapy. If the diagnosis is wrong or the medication affects the horse adversely, you could endanger your horse's life. Skin allergies can also cause pruritus (itching) and associated hair loss. Horse dosing is 5 pills. Acepromazine affects animals and humans by depressing the central nervous system. Allergen avoidance and allergen-specific immunotherapy are measures that address the allergy itself; various drugs are available for symptomatic management. I had my dog on it and the price was pretty steep. Dosing Chart Contraindications Lopes NL, Campos DR, Machado MA, et al. Im glad that youve found a solution- but, after the allergy testing you can start them on a regimen designed exactly for what they are allergic to, which will help to desensitize them to those allergens. Every cough means something is a common saying among equine veterinarians. In severely affected horses, we would expect to see lower airway inflammation and airway obstruction, manifesting as increased respiratory effort, frequent coughing, mucous buildup, and exercise intolerance, White says. This drug has been used in dogs with some pretty fabulous results. Comparing Apoquel and Cytopoint. 405 HERON DRIVE SUITE 200 SWEDESBORO, NJ 08085-1749 | 2004-2023 WEDGEWOOD PHARMACY, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Her allergies have reared their ugly heads again - no jowl pyoderma, but ears itching. 3. DERM DIALOGUE. 2. May be used with other common medications. Nobody wants to be itchy and constantly scratching. Atopic dermatitis is often a complex disease that requires a multifaceted approach. I actually have 2 horses now on serum and one I eliminated the food specific allergens from his diet. Natural Disaster: Are You and Your Horse Ready for Emergency Evacuation? Hay replacement consists of any of the following: a complete pelleted diet, soaked alfalfa cubes, hay pellets, or possibly a bagged forage product like Chaffhaye. 25. Treatment may then be continued at the same dose given once a day. For years, glucocorticoids and cyclosporine have been used for the symptomatic management of atopic dermatitis, including the associated pruritus. However, a small subcategory of asthmatic horses suffer from pasture-associated equine asthma. Gadeyne C, Little P, King VL, et al. It can be given with or without food. When working with a liquid: Multiply your horse's weight in pounds times the dose rate in milligrams per pound. It's touted as being "a fast-acting and safe treatment for the control of acute and chronic canine pruritus." Pruritus means itching. 23. Vomiting, diarrhea, and lack of appetite are also possible. 2022 Zoetis Services LLC. If you struggle to get your dog to take tablets, you can try hiding it in their food, or wrapping it in a tasty piece of meat. We have limited her exposure to the type of grass that she is most allergic to (bermuda), but it is hard to actually remove her exposure to her allergens entirely. I was one of the veterinarians involved in early field trials for Apoquel in horses. In atopic dermatitis, it is mainly mediated by a large group of proinflammatory and proallergic Th2 cytokines (e.g., interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-31). Ultimately, my vet did not recommend we go down that route. Oclacitinib in feline nonflea-, nonfood-induced hypersensitivity dermatitis: results of a small prospective pilot study of client-owned cats. The dose of Apoquel tablets is 0.18-0.27 mg/lb (0.4-0.6 mg/kg). Apoquel tablets are scored to be halved to ensure that the ingredients are equally distributed. Dr. Nao Hensel obtained her doctor of veterinary medicine degree from Colorado State University in 2010. Its anti-inflammatory and expectorant properties can soothe irritated lung tissues and help to expel mucus.Licorice root should not be fed to pregnant mares. Most horses in our area of North Carolina are "Summer-Pasture-Associated" asthma patients, so we recommend starting yearly treatment or management in March or April. Vet Dermatol 2013;24(5):479-e114. Even though the drug is currently labeled for use in dogs (with allergic dermatitis), initial studies show that horses absorb it well, Fultz says. If the patient remains stable and other controlling measures-such as allergen avoidance, allergen immunotherapy, and preventive topical therapyhave been implemented, the use of oclacitinib can be limited to flare control. . Allergies are generally managed based on the severity of clinical signs. I have not tried to go less than that. There are two types of this condition, summer-pasture-associated and classic recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). I hear the result have been spectacular. Apoquel (oclacitinib tablet) Dosing & Administration How to dose Apoquel 0.4-0.6 mg/kg (0.18-0.27 mg/lb) Twice daily (BID) for up to 14 days Continue therapy once daily (SID) thereafter for maintenance May be given with or without food May discontinue without tapering Apoquel Dosing Guide Weight Range (lb) Number of Tablets to be Administered After completing a doctorate thesis and a rotating internship at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, he moved to the United States, where he completed a 3-year veterinary dermatology residency at the University of Georgia in 2004. The most common practical starting dosage for many cats is of the 5.4mg tablet, or 2.7mg. 1. Many allergens can cause skin reactions. In a 2019 study Radwanski et al. While oclacitinib is a very effective and fast-acting antipruritic drug, the decision of when to use it depends on various factors. We cannot be sure of accurate dosing when tablets are quartered, and thus this practice is not recommended. Specifically, studies in cats have used the following dosage: Initially, doses ranging from 0.4 to 1.2 mg/kg body weight, twice daily, for 24-28 days. My Docs are among the first in the country to use this drug on itchy and wheezy horses. Uses for Apoquel How Should It Be Given? Before your vet administers immunotherapy, though, you must identify your horses respiratory and skin allergies. (https://www.zoetispetcare.com) I get $9 back for every 30 pills I order, it goes onto a Mastercard debit card that can only be used at a vets office but I spend plenty of money there. According to the manufacturer's dosage chart, a large breed weighing between 130 and 175lbs should take two Apoquel 16mg daily. 10. Apoquel Overdose Information Dogs that received overdoses in safety studies had side effects that included one or more of the following: vomiting, diarrhea, cysts between the toes, skin inflammation, papilloma's (warts), pneumonia, enlarged lymph nodes, and decreased blood cell production. $ 78.30 - $ 245.00. Cochet Faivre N, Degorce-Rubiales F. Clinical eosinophilic popular dermatitis associated with histological eosinophilic granuloma rapidly responsive to oclacitinib in an adult Labrador retriever. This option has somewhat fewer risks than option 1, has a higher initial cost ($1,000 for the nebulizer mask), but a lower monthly cost- $20-$40/month. Blood was collected prior to drug administration and at 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 . The dose range is very strict, I do not recommend going above the recommended dose due to immune suppression, below the range and it doesn't seem to work in most cases. Im not dealing with food allergies but both the company and the vet did not recommend allergy shots for my mare. Oclacitinib was well tolerated in both studies. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2018;31(4):524-525. Previcox is an FDA-approved non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) prescription medication used in dogs to treat pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis and for the control of postoperative pain and inflammation associated with soft-tissue and orthopedic surgery. We have been using an inflatable fleece e-collar on her . Topical suspension administered in the ear. Some dogs exhibit increased pruritus when the dosage is reduced to once daily. The onset of efficacy for oclacitinib is up to 1 week, but Little et al found that after 4 weeks of treatment, both drugs demonstrated comparable control of clinical signs. 13. Schindler C, Levy DE, Decker T. JAK-STAT signaling: from interferons to cytokines. Equine Asthma- yep, that's the new name for "heaves," "RAO," "COPD" or whatever else we've called it over the years! KER offers EO3, which contains the omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA. Maintaining Your Horses Weight During the Winter, Special Report: Preventing 3 Common Equine Joint Issues, JACKSON- Gelding/Bay/Mustang (Nevada) - Project/Ready for Training, JENNINGS Gelding/Cremello/Mustang (BLM) Ridable (Green), recent study evaluating almost 400 potential allergens, BONNIE: Sorrel Mustang Mare Non-Riding Companion Only. Therefore, the recommended initial dosage for dogs 6.6-9.9 lbs is of a 3.6 mg tablet twice daily. She added, "Studies show that omega-3 fatty acids help horses with equine asthma. Why Do Some Horses Develop Respiratory EHV-1 and Others EHM? The recommended dose of Apoquel for dogs is 0.18 to 0.27 mg per pound of body weight. The anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone are about twenty-five times stronger than those of natural cortisol. Your veterinarian might also prescribe corticosteroids such as dexamethasone or prednisolone, which provide fast and effective relief from immune-mediated conditions such as allergies because of their immunosuppressive properties. Hay naturally contains microscopic fungal spores, plus bacterial and dust components that horses inhale as they eat, explains Lisa Fultz, DVM, MS, Dipl. Option 2 is the Aservo Equihaler. All product and company names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Acupuncture: It appears that some horses with Equine Asthma can benefit from acupuncture to help with breathing function. Because insects are omnipresent in the horses environment at least some portion of the year, IBH is particularly labor-intensive to manage. Apoquel should be shipped with extreme caution when temperature is below 35 degrees Fahrenheit. However, the twice-daily use must not last for more than 14 days. J Biol Chem 2007;282(28):20059-20063. Dexamethasone: EZ Dose Micro Transdermal Gel, Dexamethasone: Twist-a-Dose Transdermal Gel, Discussion Guide for Pet Owners and Veterinarians, Medication Information for Pet and Horse Owners. The bodys largest organ, the skin serves as the immune systems first protective barrier. Download Apoquel Information Sheet. Frank RK, Galvan BA, Schoell AR, et al. Each dosage is sold per tablet, in 20 count, or 100 count bottles. Renal Anemia, or . The drug is primarily used as a tranquilizer to calm anxious pets, especially dogs and horses, according to DailyMed. EHV Quarantine Released at Turf Paradise Racetrack, Six Simple Spring Safeguards for Senior Horses, Evaluating the Suspensory Ligament in Cutting Horses, Regular Dental Care Important in Horses Worldwide, Investigating Equine Cases of Toxicant Exposure, Podotrochlosis: Navicular is No Longer the End of the Road for Horses. Lucile Vigouroux holds a masters degree in Equine Performance, Health, and Welfare from Nottingham Trent University (UK) and an equine veterinary assistant certification from AAEVT. This product is a hand-held device that administers an anti-inflammatory mist into the horses nostril. Most commonly, horses develop an allergy to the saliva of biting insects (e.g., gnats, black flies, stable flies, horn flies) known as insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH). Sometimes it goes overboard and reacts in the face of a generally harmless substancewhich the body begins to recognize as an allergenand an allergic reaction occurs. Maximizing ventilation when horses are stalled and bedding with low-dust options such as wood byproducts; Purchasing dust- or mold-free hay and wetting, soaking, or steaming it prior to feeding to reduce inhaled particles; and Offering an alternative feed than hay for low-dust options. Typically, a few sessions are required. Posted by Lucile Vigouroux | May 4, 2022 | Article, Diseases and Conditions, Farm and Barn, Hives & Skin Allergies, Horse Care, Medications, Nutrition, Seasonal Care, Skin Problems. Lopes NL, Campos DR, Machado MA, et al. test dose in your pet before long-term use, espe- cially in horses. The drug targets pro-inflammatory proteins, called cytokines, responsible for itching and inflammation, relieving signs of skin allergies. While easy to perform, Fultz says its not always accurate at predicting the exact allergens. 5. The second option is serum (blood) testing. Im currently struggling with my horses allergies. Before your vet administers immunotherapy, though, you must identify your horses respiratory and skin allergies. Therefore, in many of these cases, veterinarians use steroids sparingly, says Fultz, at lower doses than recommended, or they turn to non-steroidal medications. These inhaled substances can trigger an allergic response that causes narrowing of the airways, mucous secretion, and cough., Luckily, minimizing common allergens in your horses environment could suffice to restore his comfort and breathing. My understanding from my vet and from what Ive read is that in horses theres been a lot of success in spacing out the dosing, but not as much success in lowering the dose amount. This encourages the natural drainage of irritants, allergens, and bacteria from the airways.. This might, down the road, be an easier and less expensive alternative for horse owners. Since oclacitinib is a rather weak anti-inflammatory drug, it was suggested that remission of active moderate to severe atopic dermatitis be induced with a course of a broad inflammation-targeting drug, such as a short-acting glucocorticoid, until clinical signs become mild. Oclacitinib in feline nonflea-, nonfood-induced hypersensitivity dermatitis: results of a small prospective pilot study of client-owned cats. I did not know about this, but considering Im going through apoquel at a reasonable rate this sounds like it would be worth signing up for. This treatment is typically effective, but the steroid is still absorbed into the body, which can result in laminitis risk, similar to Option 1. I paid $250 for 100 pills (thats 20 5-pill doses). Many medications are available to help manage your horses allergies, some of which are best used as preventives in sensitive horses. 21. To overcome its delayed effect, cyclosporine is often initially combined with other drugs such as prednisolone to accelerate the anti-inflammatory and antipruritic effects. Since oclacitinib has been shown to be comparable to prednisolone, oclacitinib can be a good alternative to prednisolone when combined with cyclosporine for initial treatment. So lets review why allergies happen, how they affect your horses body, and how to treat themor, better yet, how to avoid them altogether. This regimen may work better because oclacitinib has a short half-life of 4 hours. Oclacitinib can be given without food and may be discontinued without tapering. On the label for dogs, Apoquel is used every 12 hours for the first 14 days of use, then backed down to dosing every 24 hours once a day. Cosgrove SB, Wren JA, Cleaver DM, et al. In the first 2 randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials, it was shown that oclacitinib, given at a dose of 0.4 to 0.6 mg/kg q12h, induced a rapid reduction in pruritus and treatment success in 62.3% to 67% of treated cases within 7 to 14 days.7,8 Treatment success was based on reductions from baseline of at least 2 cm on the owner-assessed visual analog scale and at least 50% on the clinicians Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI-02).
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