The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. Over the next two years, partially due to the help of newly enfranchised African American male voters, all ten states complied with the Reconstruction Acts mandates. After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. 2 Third step is about monitoring of collections 3 Involves the evaluation of. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. It was approved by both houses in June 1866. States had to ratify the 13th & 14th amendment, and enacted Military Control of Reconstruction with the Military Reconstruction Act. Established the concepts of birthright citizenship (anyone born within U.S. boundaries or territories subject to the jurisdiction of U.S. law was automatically a U.S. citizen, excluding Indians) and equal protection of the law. Although the Lost Cause narrative argued that Grant's presidency had been a complete failure, more recent scholarship has attempted to reevaluate his legacy in a more balanced manner, highlighting both the accomplishments and shortcomings of his eight years in office. they wre industrialists and bankers. In any event, these Northern carpetbaggers were viewed as outsiders and exploiters by many who formerly had been loyal to the Confederacy. President Ulysses S. Grant had been elected partly because he seemed to show promise of strong executive leadership, but also because he was viewed in the afterglow of his wartime success. E&GvBQ"RYP F2;~}i,v K_)DR zdh[_/P&ME *8-pmw(j7Qjcmj9~::$x}v8@;aZwO,qo What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that each state rewrite its state constitution to allow for black male voting rights before readmittance into the Union. It declared that all people born in the United States are entitled to be citizens without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery. WebOne of the main goals of Military Reconstruction was to ensure that voting rights were granted to African American men. many became sharecroppers. endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>stream Right now, he is working on the chapter that examines the importance and impact of the Fourteenth Amendment. WebThe Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those enslaved in rebellious states, leaving many enslaved peoplemost notably, those in the border statesin bondage; furthermore, it did not alter or prohibit the institution of slavery in general. How did the results of Reconstruction policy shape the politics of the reconstructed states and the nation at large? endstream endobj startxref In May 1865, with Congress out of session, Johnson began to implement his own Reconstruction program. and then to be taken up again in the Civil Rights struggles of the 20th century. Identify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends, Next His campaign theme was "Let Us Have Peace," and he tried his best to promote sectional and racial harmony throughout the country. Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. Where did most black Americans live in 1900? was a negative term Southerners adopted and gave to opportunistic and speculative Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era, often seen as frauds. he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. The teacher should divide the class into four small groups. The impeachment of Johnson. He placed North Carolina and eventually other states under appointed provisional governors chosen mostly from among prominent southern politicians who had opposed the secession movement and had rendered no conspicuous service to the Confederacy. hbbd``b` $ H0E$ b3!D( ( qX | Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. In the South, the failure of Republican state governments to make serious inroads on the politics of the region led to a weakening resolve to protect the civil and political rights of freedmen. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. Adoption of the amendment was an issue in the 1866 congressional elections, but the president's campaign against it did not work. It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branchs power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina (on the occasion of riots in Hamburg, S.C.), August 1, 1876, Group C: Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, January 30, 1872, Group D: Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, June 8, 1876. 124 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0D0942F02A0E3A4583123BBEFA335B80><310633F8B9553C42B3774455F36DF9D6>]/Index[109 24]/Info 108 0 R/Length 78/Prev 144476/Root 110 0 R/Size 133/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. What happened to white small farmers during this time? The Southerners saw the Freedmen's Bureau as an organization giving free food to freedmen but never requiring them to work, making them lazy. For more detailed information on the process of Reconstruction, the teacher is encouraged to visit America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War; for a timeline of major events of Reconstruction during the war itself, of particular use is Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. bookmarked pages associated with this title. Several states refused to either repudiate the huge debt produced by the war or unconditionally accept the Thirteenth Amendment. Share Croppers:Mostly Freedmen who had no tools or supplies, and worked, farmed, and lived on someone else's land. Irving E. Lowery, Life on the Old Plantation in Ante-Bellum Days, 1911, Group C: Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, From the Cotton Field to the Cotton Mill: A Study of the Industrial Transition in North Carolina, 1906, Group D: The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. HUKo0WhUK( The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. and any corresponding bookmarks? was a name for southern whites who supported Reconstruction in the South, often Republican. Republicans were in control of both the House and Senate, and they gave a ringing endorsement to the amendment and congressional, not presidential, Reconstruction. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? White Violence- southerners could deal better than the north It helped maintain schools for black kids and insured fairness of labor contracting. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream 12-17 Written Guided Reading Assignment, Principles of Microeconomics Group Assignment.docx, Website-Resume-Student-Checklist-2017.pdf, Express v to show or make known a feeling an opinion etc by words looks or, Consistent with the culture of the Employer you will be expected to present a, The turn based rules were as follows 2 Moves and 1 Explore in any combination If, Points 00 40 Points A Choice A B Choice B C Choice C D Choice D Part 11 of 25 40, QUIZ QUES Institutions can be understood as a regular patterns of behaviour that, L2 Molecules of Life interactive notes_2022 (1).docx, Launching_a_Redesign_of_University_Princ.pdf, Question 34 In an address in 1983 President Reagan referred to the Soviet Union, A 22 year old woman comes to her primary care physician because of an 8 week, Basic Statistics and creating the control chart .pdf, Apply the Nursing Care plan on the client described in the Clinical scenario state the Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation You are working as a Labor and Delivery Nurse at. Saliency maps reveal directly how much a change in each input pixel would affect reconstruction loss, while each pixel's reconstruction error may be attributed to many input pixels when layers are fully connected. What terms did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 put in place for the Southern states who had not yet ratified the Fourteenth Amendment? Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. Workers would be given a modest home, supplies, and a small portion of land to farm for personal use in exchange for also farming the landowners land. Segregation laws were legal in former Confederate states only. Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream President Johnson vetoed the Act, but Congress overrode his veto to pass it. It abolished slavery in the United States. Hayes would be president with the understanding that he would deal 'justly' with the south (leave them alone and allow them to restore white supremacy. Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. The long alliance between the women's movement and the abolitionist cause broke, and women struggled on their own for another half century for the right to vote. 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. Literacy tests were put into place requiring citizens to read difficult passages from legal documents in order to be able to vote. Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. Enough Republican senators appreciated the fact that Johnson's offenses were political and that they did not fall under the high crimes and misdemeanors specified in the Constitution for presidential impeachment. endstream endobj 419 0 obj <>stream Alexander Stephens. Eph/LWNMK $r3R6W>44w9(Hct:@LN@@4H9O$T,\LuqDk9HMZ] 7l7{7eCUbMWmh"!baox]51Q"EF kRm'C*_@Q$VF*`C{:7v I"q{n]w)cqJ}q*6]d&5PhdSh3_|`k^Mq!U\:fqo,SI0L6-;jTS(WOC6"ZCx+5bo42+Pp;3:=BbXm)]IF These research assistants will evaluate a series of documents (which in this activity will substitute for live interviews) representing a variety of views concerning the direction of Reconstruction policy regarding voting rights and the impact these views had or should have had on the politics of the nation. This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. It gave native born blacks citizenship. View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction, Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and more. Gave blacks curfews and did not allow them to carry guns. 0. Question 4 Describe the general character of the social conditions within the nation in the aftermath of Reconstruction. Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. pF{:RTV For all groups: The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Group A: Excerpt from Frederick Douglass, Address to the Massachusetts Antislavery Society, April 1865, Group B: Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. Teachers may wish to have students read several of the following, which illustrate the tension and uncertainty that existed along with the joy of liberty: Students might then be asked to examine the painting A Visit from the Old Mistress from the EDSITEment-reviewed site Africans in America. At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? Southern States had to approve the 13Amendment 2) Southern states had to nullify seceding from the union. 3) The South could not repay loans from countries that helped them. The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? Voter fatigue- northerners were tired of worrying about it and hearing about it. 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. !~TrFH(n$J*sEsoWg >tNs=agsdZqRikzY9;.k`A5T-*kd>[MQ`&;Q3=z,:\P:GeeeE? This meant that the huge majorities Republicans then enjoyed were, so to speak, operating on borrowed time. You can find more resources to supplement this lesson at ourSmithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era. dkRlbH/Wo/3+Po32dDJAw'sN72G>0,a-X{..\&j;Z0P{~S W]O"Kwrzb\G 7O XctWhpk The teacher may also want to point out that original documents, such as these, retain their original spelling and syntaxeven if incorrect. Learning Objectives Evaluate the successes and white Democrats who used their political power to oppress the Black community, PREPOSITIONS AND CONJUNCTIONS (INFINITIVE VS., Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen. Lincoln's and Johnson's plans fundamentally different from the Radical Republican plan. African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. What lesson did the Republicans learn from Grant's slim victory? It tested the Constitution and resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction in America. WebQuestion 1 What was the primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? Johnson, a Democrat, had little control over Reconstruction policy due to the Republican control of Congress. The process of rebuilding the South after the Civil War. There were those who used their positions for exploitation. While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. 'j/%>Rgy|@mePxSNOw5Nu'IbL`hEfYaWk*_p Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. 436 0 obj <>stream Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain, February 17, 1868 during the South Carolina Constitutional Convention, Excerpt from Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri, Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain. The federal government pledged larger amounts of financial assistance to the Southern states. It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. The worksheet provided in the Text Document for Activity 1 asks two sets of questions: one set relates to the document, and the other relates to the corresponding section of the interactive. Again, there were many reasons for the poor government in the South, including violence and sabotage from groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the racial animosity that inspired them, a general unwillingness to accept the political and social implications of equality under the law, and a lingering deep resistance to the idea of the supremacy of the Constitution and Union to state and local authority in matters of national significance.
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